1 comments about True Gravity and The Blueprint of The Universe: The Proof of Gravity's Cause.

1. I was hoping for some fresh ideas about gravity, but what I got was a shipment of broken pottery. The author's theory is that gravity is not from mass attracting mass, but is rather created by a rotating rain of "subatomic particles" that is radiated outward in expanding shells from the nuclear reactions inside stars, without which there would be no gravity in the universe.
   With each shell pushing the shell in front of it, and as the shells are pushed out, they thin and slow down. A mechanical explanation of gravity by a mechanical engineer. Each star radiates out "True Gravity" which strikes the planets and other matter and they radiate out or reflect "True Gravity" and thus generate their own gravity. The "True Gravity" shells rotate at orbital speeds for their distance from the gravity source. Satellites in stable orbits are moving in step with the "True Gravity" shell. According to this theory other stable orbits are impossible. "Orbits of satellites traveling into the oncoming gravity field can't be maintained as they lose speed and keep dropping into lower orbits." (P. 9) Apparently the author has never heard of retrograde orbits or polar orbits and they are just as stable, Halley's comet has a retrograde orbit.
   
   The author also believes that objects orbiting in a strong "True gravity" shell close to the source, lose rotation due to a bow wave effect with the shell. "...lack of rotational speed of the closer Planets and moons . . . They stretch the source's field . . . it slows their own rotating speed or it even stops their rotational altogether." (P. 13) Of course what is the real reason for the lack of rotation seen in such cases due is the gravity tide effect as with our moon, the closer side bulges slightly making the moon like an egg with the fat end pointing towards the earth. For flexible bodies this induces tidal heating as the body is flexed as it spins, this constant flexing induces a resistance like friction that gradually slows the rotation as is happening to our earth. In the case of the moon, this 'friction' has stopped the rotation and the bulge is 'frozen in place' and the moon is stuck with one side always facing the earth.
   
   Another idea the author has is that an object's spinning increases it's gravity creating "Super-gravity". Of course this effect has never been detected and if it were true would result in a large weight gain when a large mass was spin at high speed such as in large generators, motors and flywheels.
   
   The author attempts to negate results of the Michelson-Morley experiment which disproved the existence of any type of background ether in the universe by showing that light moved at the same speed regardless of direction, and since the earth is moving, movement across the ether should have caused noticeable variation in the speed of light in different directions. The author's explanation is that the earth reradiates what it receives from the sun, creating it's own field that moves with the earth. The problem is that the author's shells of "True Gravity" are supposed to rotate at orbital velocities and orbital velocity at the earth's surface would be five miles per second or 18,000 MPH. You could subtract off nearly 1,000 MPH for the earth's rotational speed, but that would still leave the ether field of the earth's "True Gravity" shell moving eastward at 17,000 MPH, which would have been observed in the Michelson-Morley experiment. Tough having your pet theories disproved a hundred years before you even picked up a pen to write them. The author also failed to consider that if moving in step with the "True Gravity" shell would put you in a stable orbit, that at the poles one would only have to slowly rotate at the rate of once a day and you would be weightless, turning faster would launch you into space. If the author is able to do this, I will of course retract my review.
   
   "When a sink is drained the falling water is whirled around and outward against the vertical drainage pipe by gravity. When a toilet is flushed . . . caused by the same force. . . . All of these examples rotate counter-clockwise int the Northern hemisphere of the world and clockwise in the southern Hemisphere."(P. 16) I checked in my bathroom, the toilet went CCW and the sink was CW, which is to be expected since the direction of rotation is random or influenced by other effects, since the time to drain is far too short for the Coriolis effect to be a factor and scale of movement too small. Since such an effect is required by the author's theory, my sink, be it ever so humble, was able to disprove the "True Gravity" theory, not bad for a sink that never went to school.
   
   This book also only has about 78 pages, including 10 full page pictures of the planets with a full page title page opposite each picture. (78 - 20 = 58 pages) Then there is a lot of one sentence paragraphs with large spaces between, and repetition of earlier text and ideas, so there is not a lot in this book. (about what you would find in a pamphlet) On the plus side, the author's math is very understandable and well explained, better than the text at times.

1 comments about Einstein's Relativity and Beyond: New Symmetry Approaches (Adavanced Series on Theoretical Physical Science, Volume 7).

1. After Yuan Zhong Zhangs' book Special Relativity and its experimental foundations another book on Special Relativity has been recently published in World Scientific's Advanced Series on Theoretical Physical Science: Jong-Ping Hsu's book Einstein's Relativity and Beyond - New Symmetry Approaches shows, that the theoretical research concerning Einstein's theory of Special Relativity is by far not finished. The book is based on papers by the author and his collaborators in Physics Letters A, Nuovo Cimento B, and Physical Review A and D.

   The first part of the book gives a brief review of the historical development of Special Relativity by Voigt, Lorentz, Einstein, Poincaré and others. It is interesting to note that Hsu attaches importance to the work of the almost unknown German physicist Woldemar Voigt, who appears to be the first physicist to conceive the idea of the universal speed of light and who was very close to suggest a conceptual framework for Special Relativity, when he derived around 1887 a type of 4-dimensional space-time transformation which was very similar to the Lorentz transformation.

   In second part of the book the theory of Special Relativity is extended to a more general theory with four-dimensional symmetry, which is based solely on the first postulate of relativity. Hsu's main objective is to make clear that "any specific system of time such as relativistic time and the universal speed of light are not physical entities inherent in nature but human conventions imposed upon it. However, the four-dimensional symmetry appears to be inherent and truly fundamental in nature" (Phys. Lett. A 196, 1994). It might be a surprising fact for many physicists that relativistic time, or any particular time system, is apparently not a necessary ingredient of a theory for it to to be consistent with all experiments.
   Hsu's theory is shown to have new implications for modern physics which differ from those found in Special Relativity: A very interesting special case called `Common Relativity' is considered which is based on the postulate of a a common time instead of a constant speed of light within the four-dimensional symmetry framework. Common Relativity leads to a simplification of the maze of many coupled Liouville equations presented by Special Relativity and makes it possible to derive an invariant Planck distribution. This implies the impossibility of detecting an `absolute' motion of the earth with respect to the cosmic microwave background radiation.

   The third part of the book is about generalized Lorentz transformations for constant-linear-acceleration frames based on the principle of limiting four-dimensional symmetry. Two types of transformations are considered: The generalized Møller-Wu-Lee transformations (which are based on earlier, not completely satisfactory approaches to derive transformations for non-inertial frames by Møller, Wu and Lee) and the so-called Wu transformations for accelerated frames. Implications for electrodynamics and quantum field theory are discussed, like the dynamics of classical and quantum particles and the quantisation of scalar, spinor and electromagnetic fields in non-inertial frames.
   Experimental tests of these transformations are also proposed, e.g. a measurement of the so-called Wu-Doppler effect which differs from the usual Doppler effect in Special Relativity and could be measured by precision experiments.

   One point which I would like to critisize is the fact, that there are special topics covered, of which some are not related to the main topics mentioned above. One of these topics is, for instance, a discussion of a De Sitter and Poincaré gauge-invariant fermion Lagrangian. However, this does not imply that most of them will not be interesting to the reader: For example, one part of a chapter is dedicated to the the invariance group of the Maxwell equations, of which the relevance is not yet clear, as Steven Weinberg commented in his well known book on quantum field theory; furthermore, the question is considered whether the Michelson-Morley experiment really implies a constant and isotropic speed of light; transformations from inertial into rotational frames based on the principle of limiting four-dimensional symmetry are derived in another chapter. At last, the appendix contains calculations concerning Noether's theorem and quantum electrodynamics in linearly accelerated frames. Other special topics, like a proposed experimental test for the twin paradox, are also treated in the appendix.

   Nowadays Special Relativity has become a cornerstone of all modern physical theories which have been invented in the 20th century. Hsu's book shows many new aspects of Einstein's theory which are not taught in lectures or by any other books on this subject. Hsu's work shows once again that it is worthwhile not to accept the principles of physical theories uncritically, especially those which have been introduced by people who are regarded as authorities in a field of research. His understanding and appreciation of the Special Theory of Relativity make, in my opinion, the book worth reading for every physicist who is interested in Special Relativity.

   Andreas Ernst
   University of Heidelberg
   Heidelberg, Germany

No comments about Two Theories.

No comments about The Universe Of Reality: A Guidebook to Principle.

No comments about Relativistic Theory of Gravity (Horizons in World Physics).

No comments about Proceedings of the International Conference on Gravitational Waves: Sources and Detectors, Cascina (Pisa), Italy 19-23 March 1996 (Edoardo Amaldi Foundation Series , Vol 2).

No comments about The Illusion of Time.

No comments about Aspects of Gravitational Interactions (Horizons in World Physics).

No comments about Quantum Gravity: Proceedings of the Seventh Nishinomiya-Yukawa Memorial Symposium : Nishinomiya, Japan 19-20 November 1992.

No comments about Experimental Gravitation, Proceedings of the INT Symposium on Experimental Gravitation, 26 June - 2 July 1993, Nathiagali, Pakistan.